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F. KUROWSKE COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE AWE-Z130, mm

Original Filed Dec. 11, 1925 2 Sheets-Shem p 1929 A. G. F. KuRowsm 0,

COMBINED TYPEWRI'TING -AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed'Dec. 11,, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 30, 1929,

CDTLTBIN Original application filed December 11, 1925, Serial No. 7'4,G98

LIO'lT-FESHEE QOMPAL OF NEW!" YORK, .i, .n. CORPORATION Q fire I) CGESIPUTING ILEACHIIJE.

Divided and this application filed April 21, 1927. Serial No. 185,454.

This invention relates to combined typewriting and computing machines, and es pecially to the key-levers for producing a uniform leverage between their fulcrum points and their key-caps, when the computing mechanism is either operative or inoperative.

in arranging a type-action the leverage transmitted from the keyboard, to actuate the type-bars and their operative parts, is relatively proportioned to maintain a uniform dip and a uniform touch for the keys on all four banks. lVhcn a COll'lPtltlllfi mechanism is adjusted to those typewriter conditions after the manner of the well known lVahl mechanism, the truck and totalizers are carried at the front of the carriage and the computing actuator-mech anism positioned below the truck and over the upper bank or numeral row of keys. Vheu connection is made from these numeral-key-levers to the actuating devices of the con'lputing actuator, the point of connection to each lever is adjacent their key-caps, and these numeral-keys, that were mechanically conditioned to type a numeral at a normal stroke of a key, are given an added burden of actuating a train of computing devices sii'nultancously to the projection of its type-bar to print. This added burden transferred to the numeral-key places the adding manipulations of the keys in a class by themselves where the usual staccato type-printing blow cannot be employed, because each key requires a full down-stroke of the linger to complete a computing cycle at, or before, the printing of the types. The computing operation derives little benefit from the leverage of the key-levers, because the connection to the actuator is so very close to the key-cap.

A feature of the invention provides for the extension of each numeral-keylever forwardly and downwardly to the position of a fifth row of numeral-keys just in front of the lower bank of alphabet-keys and at the rear of the space-bar. By providing eachnumeral-key with two key-stems and two keys, one key at the usual numeral or upper bank position to be manipulated when numerals are to be typed and not computed. and the other key advanced forwardly of the keyboard to increase the leverage and power transmitted from the impact of the finger to the computer-actuator when numerals are to be typed and simultaneouslv computed, incidentally reduces the force o t linger impact to aproximately one-third of that required heretofore at the upper bank of keys to actuate the same totalizing cycle of movement, and restores the manipulation of the combined typing and computing keyboard, as a whole, to a uniform touch of operation.

This application is a division of my ap: plication Serial No. 74,698, filed December 11, 1925.

Other features and iuafter appear.

in the accompanyingdrawings,

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the machine, with only such parts of the typewriting; mechanism disclosed as may bri re quired to illustrate the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the keyboard, showing an upper bank of numeral-keys and a forward lower bank of numeral-keys.

Figure 3 is a view showing the key-lever and the mechanism connected thereto, in operated position.

Figure 4; shows a key-lever, in perspective, having two key-stems and two key-caps.

The invention is shown applied to an Underwood typewriting machine, which incl udes a main frame having a fulcrum-rod 11, about which key-levers 12,-includiug numeral-keys l3 and alphabet-keys 14, may vibrate to swing hell-cranks about a common fulcrum 1t3-to swing radially-arranged type-bars 1T upwardly and rearwardly about a common fulcrum-rod 18, to cause types it) to print against the front face of a platen 20. The platen is supported in a caradvantages will here riage 21 to travel back and forth in the usual manner upon a front rail 22 and a rear rail 23, and is urged let'twnrdly in a letter-space direction by a spring-drum 2ecounected to said carriage by a strap 25. The carriage is normally held against the tension of the spring-drum by one of two escapement-dogs 26 and 27 mounted upon a dog-rocker 28 pivoted at 29. The dog 26 normally engages with the teeth of an escapcmeut-wheel 30 having the usual one-way connection with a pinion 31 meshing with a rack 32 supported on the typewriter-carriage 21. To actuate the dog-rocker a curved universal bar 33 is a link 40 to an actuating cam-device 41 pivbrackets or plates (not shown).

the numeral-key operated.

vibrated by heels 34 of thetype-bars as they swing upwardly and rearwardly against the platen. The universal bar 33 is carried by a frame 35 extending rearwardly and pivot ally supported at its rear end at 36 upon two arms 37 of a rocking frame pivoted at 38 to-the main frame. The frame 35 is provided with a cross-bar 39 to engage-the dogrocker 28, so as to disengage the dog 26 and shift the dog 27 into engagement with the escapement-wheel 30. Upon the return stroke of the type-bars, the universal bar 33 and dog-rocker 28 are returned by means of springs (not shown).

Each numeral-key lever 12 is connected by otally supported as a series upon a shaft 42 supported by end plates 43 of an actuator housing 44. Upon the depression of a numeral-key'the associated actuating cam-device 41 is swung downwardly about its fulcrum to actuate a rock-shaft 45 through the medium of an arm 46 fixed on said shaft 45, and the arm 46 has a pin 47 engaging with a cam-slot 48. The rock-shaft 45 is provided with a series of these arms 46, one arm being associatedwith each cam-device 41, and the cam-slots 48 therein varying in shape, to rock the shaft 45 differentially through various angular distances varying in eitent according to the value of the numeral-key. The

.difierential movements of the rock-shaft 45 are transferred to a master-wheel 49 through a train of connections including arms 50 secured to said shaft, the arms 50 carrying a link 51 pivotally connected at 52 with a segmental rack or gear-sector 53 mounted to swing upon a stud shaft 53 secured between The rack 53 engages when the machine is set for addition, with a pinion 54 to rotate the latter in a counterclockwise direction. The masterwheel 49 is normally disconnected from the pinion but, during the initial depression of any numeral-key, said pinion is shifted to effective position, so that when the pinion is rotated, the master-wheel 49 is also rotated through the same angular distance, and

which angular distance varies according to The masterwheel 49 meshes with a umts computing wheel 55 to rotate the dial wheel 56 of a totalizer 57. The master-wheel 49 is disconnected from the driving mechanism after the typekey has been actuatedlto enable the numeralkey and the connected actuating mechanism to rotate hack to normal position without rotating the master-wheel, the master-wheel remaining always in the position to which it is rotated during the downward movement of the numeral-key.

It is desirable at times to disconnect the computing mechanism, or, in other words, set the machine so that the numeral-keys may be operated without operating the computing mechanism. For this purpose, there is provided a setting lever 58 movable between detent-stop positions having an off fin erpiece 59 and an jon finger-piece 60. hen the,ofi' key 59 is depressed to disconnect the computing mechanism, the camming devices 41, connected with the numeral-keys, will not operate a rock-shaft 61 that normally operates a clutch between the pinion 54 and the master-wheel 49. Consequently, since the rock-shaft 61 remains at rest, the masterwheel remains disconnected, and the cam ming devices actuate the differential shaft 45 idly, which is more fully shown and described in my said co-pending application of which this is a division.

'Each numeral-key-lever 12 is formed with two key-stems 62 and 63, arranged in diiferent planes, so that the stem 62 may receive a key-cap 13 at the usual position of the upper bank in the keyboard," and the stem 63 may position and a combined typing and computing Operation is required, the lowerbank ofnumeral-keys 64 is manipulated, and by thus increasing the ratio in leverage between the pivotal connection 40" and the position of the key-cap 13, the force of the fingereimpact required at the keys'64 is greatly reduced, and the manipulation of these keys in jointly typing and computing numerals restores the manipulation of the keyboard to a more uniform touch throughout the keycaps.

In 'Figure 2 a full keyboard layout is shown with the fifth bank of numeral-keys 64 disposed in operative relation with the alphabet-keys, space-bar, tabulator and other machine control keys. It will be noted that where the numeral-key-levers 12 interfere with the dip of adjacent alphabet-keys, said key-levers may be offset, as at 66. The present invention is not limited in use tothe type of-machine shownin the drawings but can be applied, with the same advantageous results, to widely different types of combined typewriting and computing machines, such as the Remington-Wahl, the Addendagraph, the Elliott-Fisher or the Underwood-Hanson.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combina- 4 types and connectible with the computing 2otion with alphabet and numeral typing elements, levers connectible with the alphabet .types, and other levers connectible with the numeral types,-of a keyboard for individually actuating said levers, including two or more banks of alphabet-keys and two banks of numeral-keys, one bank of numeral-keys arranged above the banks of alphabet-keys, and the other bank of numeral-keys arranged below the banks of alphabet-keys, and both banks of numeral keysooperative to actuate the same numeral-key-levers.

2. Ina-combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral typing elements, levers connected with the alphabet types provided with individual keys arranged in rows at the keyboard, and levers connected with the numeral mechanism, of two keys for each numerallever, one key positioned thereon to form a row at therear of the alphabet-keys for a short leverage to type a numeral, and the other key positioned relatively thereto to form a row at the front of the alphabet-keys for a long leverageto jointly type and com-.

pute a numeral. 4

3. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral typing elements, key-levers connected to the alphabet types and provided with keys arranged in plural banks at the keyboard, key-levers connected to the numeral types to type numerals or connectible to the computing mechanism to type and compute a numeral, of two keys for operating each. numeral-lever, one key disposed upon said levers to form a bank above the alphabetkeys, and the other key relatively disposedupon said levers to form a bank below the alphabet-keys, computing mechanism operable by said levers, and means to disconnect said computing mechanism from said levers.

4. In a keyboard for a typewriting or kindred machine, the combination with keylevers having numeral and alphabet keys, the mimeraleys grouped together in one bank and the al habet-keys grouped together ing machine, the combination with numeralkey-levers having predetermined leveragesto uniformly actuate the numeral-type-bars and connectible to 'jointlyactuate a disconnectible mechanism to compute the numeral typed of means to mechanically compensate for; the extra load on the numeral-key-levers when typing and computing, said means including I the elongation of the numeral-key-levers and a second key upon each leverand further removed from the axis of said key-lever to increase the leverage.

6. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having alphabet and numeral typing elements and also having key-levers associated with the alphabet types, the combination of a set of computing and typing keylev'ers associated with the numeral types, and a pair of ke s mounted on each of said latter levers and th keys always moving therewith and relatively disposed to each other to provide two distinct leverages.

7. In a combined typewriting, and computing machine having adisconnectible comput-. *lng mechanism, a set of computlng and typing key-levers, each of said key-levers hav- 'ing two keys, one key disposed thereon for a predetermined leverage to type without 

